A researcher observes the body-mass index (BMI), the number of school meals eaten, and the sex for a sample of schoolchildren. The goal of the study is to determine the relationship between BMI and number of school meals, and whether this relationship depends on the child's sex. What type of study is this?
(A) Observational, since the children are regularly watched
(B) Experiment, since there are human subjects in the study
(C) Experiment, since we seek to investigate a cause-effect relationship
(D) Observational, since the researcher imposes no treatment on the children
Answer: (D) Observational, since the researcher imposes no treatment on the children
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