Cars sold in the United States since 1986 have been required to have a high center brake light in addition to the usual two brake lights at the rear of the vehicle. This safety requirement was justified by randomized comparative experiments with fleets of rental and business cars. The experiments showed that the third brake light reduced rear-end collisions by as much as 50%. After almost a decade in actual use, the Insurance Institute found only a 5% reduction in rear-end collisions, helpful but much less than the experiments predicted. Most cars did not have the extra brake light when the experiments were carried out, so it caught the eye of following drivers. Now that almost all cars have the third light, it no longer captures attention.
Canada too now requires that cars be equipped with "daytime running lights," headlights that automatically come on at a low level when the car is started. Some manufacturers are now equipping cars sold in the United States with running lights.
A.
In the US, most cars did not have the extra brake light when the experiment was carried out. If people in Canada are more willing to coordinate, the results can be in favor of daytime running lights.
B.
Owing to the difference in topography, the results may be different.
C.
The effect of running lights may be lessened when (if) they become common enough that people no longer notice them.
Answer: C.
The effect of running lights may be lessened when (if) they become common enough that people no longer notice them.
Canada too now requires that cars be equipped with "daytime running lights," headlights that automatically come on at a low level when the car is started. Some manufacturers are now equipping cars sold in the United States with running lights.
What cautions do you draw from the US example, which also apply to an experiment on the effects of running lights in Canada?
A.
In the US, most cars did not have the extra brake light when the experiment was carried out. If people in Canada are more willing to coordinate, the results can be in favor of daytime running lights.
B.
Owing to the difference in topography, the results may be different.
C.
The effect of running lights may be lessened when (if) they become common enough that people no longer notice them.
Answer: C.
The effect of running lights may be lessened when (if) they become common enough that people no longer notice them.
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