Which of the following is not an assumption of the Chi Square Test?a) each person may contribute only one response to the contingency table b) the...
In a two factor between subjects analysis of variance, where the interaction is statistically significant, MSaxb represents the variance due to?
In a two factor between subjects analysis of variance, where the interaction is statistically significant, MSaxb represents the variance due to?a) the...
In a two-factor between subjects analysis of variance, where Factor A is statistically significant, MSa is the variance due to
In a two-factor between subjects analysis of variance, where Factor A is statistically significant, MSa is the variance due to a) the interaction...
What happens if three predictors are highly correlated in collinearity?
What happens if three predictors are highly correlated in collinearity?Answer: they are predicting the same variance in...
What is the best way to make direct comparisons
What is the best way to make direct comparisonsAnswer: compare predictors's betas or standardized slo...
What happens if the three predictors are perfectly correlated
What happens if the three predictors are perfectly correlatedAnswer: one goes into the equation because there is nothing the other two could ...
Treatment of breast cancer is a controversial issue with treatment varying from radical mastectomy to radiation and chemotherapy combined with simple lumpectomy. One long-term study involved noting survival times of all breast cancer patients from over 100 hospitals and comparing the percentage of women still alive 5 years after radical mastectomies with the percentage of women still alive 5 years after radiation and chemotherapy combined with simple lumpectomy. The results seems to show a better outcome for women who received lumpectomy treatment. Which of the following statements are appropriate?
Treatment of breast cancer is a controversial issue with treatment varying from radical mastectomy to radiation and chemotherapy combined with simple...
A drug company wishes to test a new drug. A researcher assembles a group of volunteers and randomly assigns them to one of two groups -- one to take the drug and one to take a placebo. In addition, the company wants the experiment to be double-blinded. What is the meaning of double-blind in this situation?
A drug company wishes to test a new drug. A researcher assembles a group of volunteers and randomly assigns them to one of two groups -- one to take the...
A researcher is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on crop growth. He marks 30 plots in a field, splits the plots in half, and randomly assigns the new fertilizer to one half of the plot and the old fertilizer to the other half. After 4 weeks, he measures the crop yield and compares the effects of the two fertilizers. This design is an example of
A researcher is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on crop growth. He marks 30 plots in a field, splits the plots in half, and randomly assigns the...
In a recent poll of 1,500 randomly selected eligible voters, only 525 (35%) said they did not vote in the last election. However, a vote count showed that 80% of eligible voters actually did not vote in the last election. Which of the following types of bias is most likely to have occurred in the poll?
In a recent poll of 1,500 randomly selected eligible voters, only 525 (35%) said they did not vote in the last election. However, a vote count showed...
Which of these best explains why large samples tend to provide more reliable inferences about a population than small samples?
Which of these best explains why large samples tend to provide more reliable inferences about a population than small samples?A) Large samples show less...
A television news editor would like to know how local registered voters respond to the question: "Are you in favor of the school bond measure that will be voted on in an upcoming special election?" A television survey is conducted during a break in the evening news by listing two telephone numbers side by side on the screen, one for viewer to call if they approve of the bond measure, and the other to call if they disapprove. This survey method could produce biased results for a number of reasons. Which of the following is the most obvious reason?
A television news editor would like to know how local registered voters respond to the question: "Are you in favor of the school bond measure that will...
A 2008 ballot initiative in California sought a constitutional ban on same sex marriage. Suppose a survey prior to the election asked the question, "Do you favor a law that would eliminate the right of same sex couples to marry?" This question could produce biased results. Which of the following is the most likely reason?
A 2008 ballot initiative in California sought a constitutional ban on same sex marriage. Suppose a survey prior to the election asked the question, "Do...
Which of the following is the best description of a systematic random sample?
Which of the following is the best description of a systematic random sample?A) After a population is separated into distinct groups, one or more of these...
A nutritional consulting company is trying to find what percentage of the population of a town is overweight. The marketing department contact by telephone 600 people from a list of the entire town's population. About 100 people give answers to the survey. Which of the following is the most significant source of bias in this survey?
A nutritional consulting company is trying to find what percentage of the population of a town is overweight. The marketing department contact by telephone...
An experiment to measure the effect of giving hormones to girls affected by Turner's Syndrome was carried out recently in Vancouver. All 34 girls in the study were given the growth hormone and their heights were measured at the time the hormone was given and again one year later. No measurements were made on their final adult heights. Which of the following is not a problem with this experiment:
An experiment to measure the effect of giving hormones to girls affected by Turner's Syndrome was carried out recently in Vancouver. All 34 girls in the...
A researcher observes that, on average, the number of traffic violations in cities with Major League Baseball teams is larger than in cities without Major League baseball teams. The most plausible explanation for this observed association is that the
A researcher observes that, on average, the number of traffic violations in cities with Major League Baseball teams is larger than in cities without Major...
A cause-and-effect relationship between two variables can best be determined from which of the following?
A cause-and-effect relationship between two variables can best be determined from which of the following?A) A controlled experiment where the observational...
Since many individuals walk around their homes in their socks, a manufacturer has created a material for socks that is believed to be more resistant to wear than cotton. The manufacturer wishes to test this belief over a period of a month. Given a group of volunteers, which of the following designs will best test this new material's resistance to wear?
Since many individuals walk around their homes in their socks, a manufacturer has created a material for socks that is believed to be more resistant to...
For a certain experiment you have 8 subjects, of which 4 are female and 4 are male. The names are Males: Atwater, Bacon, Chu, Diaz Females: Johnson, King, Liu, Moore. There are two treatments, A and B. If a randomized block design is used, with the subjects blocked by their gender, which of the following is NOT a possible group of subjects who receive treatment A?
For a certain experiment you have 8 subjects, of which 4 are female and 4 are male. The names are Males: Atwater, Bacon, Chu, Diaz Females: Johnson, King,...
40% of the staff in a local school district have a master's degree. One of the schools in the district has only 4 teachers out of 15 with a master's degree. You are asked to design a simulation to determine the probability of getting this few teachers in a group this size. Which of the following assignments of the digits 0 through 9 would be appropriate for modeling this situation.
40% of the staff in a local school district have a master's degree. One of the schools in the district has only 4 teachers out of 15 with a master's degree....
A manufacturer wants to test a sample of the products his company produces. Products are produced in sets of 100, and each set of 100 is called a lot. The company produces hundreds of lots each day. The manufacturer decides to randomly select five lots from each day's production run and test every product in these five lots. Which of the following best describes this type of sampling?
A manufacturer wants to test a sample of the products his company produces. Products are produced in sets of 100, and each set of 100 is called a lot....
Which of the following is not a characteristic of stratified random sampling?
Which of the following is not a characteristic of stratified random sampling?A) The population is divided into groups that are similar on some characteristic.B)...
For which of the following purposes would it be most unreasonable to use a census?
For which of the following purposes would it be most unreasonable to use a census?A) To determine the proportion of red snappers with a high mercury level...
Which of the following best describes a cluster sample of size 20 from a population of size 300?
Which of the following best describes a cluster sample of size 20 from a population of size 300?A) Each of the 320 people is assigned a number. Twenty...
Random error and bias error are two kinds of sampling errors. Which of the following is true about bias error?
Random error and bias error are two kinds of sampling errors. Which of the following is true about bias error?A) It is a pattern of errors that tend to...
To test the effect of music on productivity, a group of assembly line workers are given portable mp3 players to play whatever music they choose while working for one month. For another month, they work without music. The order of the two treatments for each worker is determined randomly. This is
To test the effect of music on productivity, a group of assembly line workers are given portable mp3 players to play whatever music they choose while...
A new headache remedy was given to a group of 25 subjects who had headaches. Four hours after taking the new remedy, 20 of the subjects reported that their headaches had disappeared. From this information you conclude:
A new headache remedy was given to a group of 25 subjects who had headaches. Four hours after taking the new remedy, 20 of the subjects reported that...
Which of the following is a true statement about experimental design?
Which of the following is a true statement about experimental design?A) The placebo effect is a concern for all experiments.B) Blocking eliminates the...
A study randomly assigned patients to treatment groups to determine the effect of taking aspirin in preventing the development of colon polyps. One group took an aspirin daily and the other group took a placebo. Neither the patients nor the doctors knew who was getting which pill. This study is best described as a
A study randomly assigned patients to treatment groups to determine the effect of taking aspirin in preventing the development of colon polyps. One group...
A new cough medicine was given to a group of 25 subjects who had a cough due to the common cold. Thirty minutes after taking the new medicine, 20 of the subjects reported that their coughs had disappeared. From this information, you conclude
A new cough medicine was given to a group of 25 subjects who had a cough due to the common cold. Thirty minutes after taking the new medicine, 20 of the...
To survey the opinions of the students at your high school, a researcher plans to select every twenty-fifth student entering the school in the morning. Assuming there are no absences, will this result in a simple random sample of students attending your school?
To survey the opinions of the students at your high school, a researcher plans to select every twenty-fifth student entering the school in the morning....
The editor of the newspaper at a large university wants to measure student opinion on a proposed change in graduation requirements. The editor randomly selects 100 freshman, 100 sophomores, 100 juniors and 100 seniors to take a short survey. This plan is an example of what kind of sampling?
The editor of the newspaper at a large university wants to measure student opinion on a proposed change in graduation requirements. The editor randomly...
Which of the following is not a property of a large table of random digits?
Which of the following is not a property of a large table of random digits?A) The contents of one section of the table are independent of other sections...
A US government researcher wants to select a sample of tax returns that will include returns from a variety of different income levels. He divides the set of all the different incomes shown on the forms into 10 non-overlapping ranges. Then he randomly selects 100 tax returns from each. Which of the following best describes the sampling scheme used in this example?
A US government researcher wants to select a sample of tax returns that will include returns from a variety of different income levels. He divides the...
A company with offices in 5 different countries is interested in estimating the proportion of its employees in favor of banning smoking on the office premises. It is known that the views of people from different countries on issues like smoking tend to vary due to the influence of different local social structures. Which of the following is an appropriate sampling technique to use in this situation, and why?
A company with offices in 5 different countries is interested in estimating the proportion of its employees in favor of banning smoking on the office...
You want to conduct a survey to determine the types of exercise equipment most used by people at your health club. You plan to base your results on a random sample of 40 members. Which of the following methods will generate a simple random sample of 40 of the members?
You want to conduct a survey to determine the types of exercise equipment most used by people at your health club. You plan to base your results on a...
You want to do a survey of members of the senior class at your school and want to select a simple random sample. You intend to include 40 students in your sample. which of the following approaches will generate a simple random sample?
You want to do a survey of members of the senior class at your school and want to select a simple random sample. You intend to include 40 students in...
A civil engineer is testing the reliability of traffic signal controllers produced by two different companies. He has 20 sets of controllers from each company, and he has been given clearance to install them at 40 different intersections in the city. He randomly assigns the controllers from company A to 20 intersections and the controllers from company B to the other intersections. The most important reason for this random assignment is that
A civil engineer is testing the reliability of traffic signal controllers produced by two different companies. He has 20 sets of controllers from each...
Which of the following statements is false?
Which of the following statements is false?A) Sophisticated statistical methods can always correct the results if the population you are sampling from...
An experimenter believes that two new exercise programs are more effective than any current exercise routines and wishes to compare the effectiveness of these two new exercise programs on physical fitness. The experimenter is trying to determine whether or not a control group which follows neither of these new programs but continues with current exercise routines would be beneficial. Which of the following can be said about the addition of a control group?
An experimenter believes that two new exercise programs are more effective than any current exercise routines and wishes to compare the effectiveness...
A randomized block design will be used in an experiment to compare two lotions that protect people from getting sunburned. Which of the following should guide the formation of the blocks?
A randomized block design will be used in an experiment to compare two lotions that protect people from getting sunburned. Which of the following should...
Which among the following is most useful in establishing cause-and-effect relationships?
Which among the following is most useful in establishing cause-and-effect relationships?A) A complete censusB) A least squares regression line showing...
A test run to compare two statistics textbooks, one with a traditional approach and one with a new approach. A state university agrees to use the traditional text in all of its 30 classes, each with approximately 50 students. A private liberal art college agrees to use the new approach text in its 4 statistics classes, each with 20 students. A SRS of 30 statistics students at each school will take a standardized final exam, and the mean scores of the two groups will be compared. Is this a good experimental design?
A test run to compare two statistics textbooks, one with a traditional approach and one with a new approach. A state university agrees to use the traditional...
Approximately 52% of all recent births were boys. In a simple random sample of 100 recent births, 49 were boys and 51 were girls. The most likely explanation for the difference between the observed results and the expected results in this case is
Approximately 52% of all recent births were boys. In a simple random sample of 100 recent births, 49 were boys and 51 were girls. The most likely explanation...
The owner of a factory that employs half the citizens in a small town is trying to decide whether to take a public stand on a controversial issue. He realizes that he would benefit from knowing how the townspeople feel. He randomly selects 50 of the townspeople from a list of all the town's population. He personally contacts all 50 and asks them their opinion on the issue. Most give him an answer, but 12 townspeople decline to participate. He decides to summarize his results based on the 38 responses. Which of the following list the most significant sources of bias in this survey?
The owner of a factory that employs half the citizens in a small town is trying to decide whether to take a public stand on a controversial issue. He...
In which of the following situations would it be most difficult to use a census?
In which of the following situations would it be most difficult to use a census?A) To determine what proportion of registered students enrolled in a college...
An advice columnist asks readers to write in about how happy they are in their marriages. The results indicate that 79% of those responding would not marry the same partner if they had to do it all over again. Which of the following statements is most correct?
An advice columnist asks readers to write in about how happy they are in their marriages. The results indicate that 79% of those responding would not...
Which of the following situations is a cluster sample?
Which of the following situations is a cluster sample?a. survey five friends concerning their opinions of a local hockey teamb. from a list of all students...
Which of the following is an appropriate sample for a study interested in the average interest rates of home loans from a national bank?
Which of the following is an appropriate sample for a study interested in the average interest rates of home loans from a national bank?a. thousands of...
A recent survey by a large-circulation Canadian magazine on the contribution of universities to the economy was circulated to 394 people who the magazine decided "are the most likely to know how important universities are to the Canadian economy." The main problem with using these results to draw conclusions about the general public's perception is
A recent survey by a large-circulation Canadian magazine on the contribution of universities to the economy was circulated to 394 people who the magazine...
Which of the following is a method for improving the accuracy of a sample?
Which of the following is a method for improving the accuracy of a sample? a. use smaller sample sizesb. when possible, avoid the use of human interviewers,...
A researcher is testing a company's new stain remover. He has contracted with 40 families who have agreed to test the product. He randomly assigns 20 families to the group that will use the new stain remover and 20 to the group that will use the company's current product. The most important reason for this random assignment is
A researcher is testing a company's new stain remover. He has contracted with 40 families who have agreed to test the product. He randomly assigns 20...
The average age of students at KSU increased from 22 with a standard deviation of 3.96 to an average age of 24 with a standard deviation of 4.08. The relative dispersion around the mean
The average age of students at KSU increased from 22 with a standard deviation of 3.96 to an average age of 24 with a standard deviation of 4.08. The...
Since the mode is the most frequently occurring data value, it
Since the mode is the most frequently occurring data value, ita.) can never be larger than the meanb.) is always larger than the medianc.) is always larger...
Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?
Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?a.) modeb.) standard deviationc.) ranged.) interquartile rangeAnswer:&nbs...
During a cold winter, the temperature stayed below zero for ten days (ranging from -20 to -5). The variance of the temperatures of the ten day period
During a cold winter, the temperature stayed below zero for ten days (ranging from -20 to -5). The variance of the temperatures of the ten day perioda.)...
When the smallest and largest percentage of items are removed from a data set and the mean is computed, the mean of the remaining data is
When the smallest and largest percentage of items are removed from a data set and the mean is computed, the mean of the remaining data isa.) the medianb.)...
The coefficient of correlation
The coefficient of correlationa.) is the same as the coefficient of determinationb.) can be larger than 1c.) cannot be larger than 1d.) cannot be neg...
The coefficient of correlation ranges between
The coefficient of correlation ranges between a.) 0 and 1b.) -1 and +1c.) minus infinity and plus infinity d.) 1 and 100Answer:&nbs...
A numerical measure of linear association between two variables is the
A numerical measure of linear association between two variables is thea.) varianceb.) coefficient of variationc.) correlation coefficientd.) standard...
Positive values of covariance indicate
Positive values of covariance indicatea.) a positive variance of the x valuesb.) a positive variance of the y valuesc.) the standard deviation is positived.)...
A numerical measure of linear association between two variables is the
A numerical measure of linear association between two variables is thea.) varianceb.) covariancec.) standard deviationd.) coefficient of variationAns...
The symbol sigma2 is used to represent
The symbol sigma2 is used to representa.) the variance of the populationb.) the standard deviation of the samplec.) the standard deviation of the populationd.)...
The symbol sigma is used to represent
The symbol sigma is used to representa.) the variance of the populationb.) the standard deviation of the samplec.) the standard deviation of the populationd.)...
The sum of deviations of the individual data elements from their mean is
The sum of deviations of the individual data elements from their mean is a.) always greater than zerob.) always less than zeroc.) sometimes greater...
If two groups of numbers have the same mean, then
If two groups of numbers have the same mean, then a.) their standard deviations must also be equalb.) their medians must also be equalc.) their modes...
The variance can never be
The variance can never bea.) zerob.) larger than the standard deviationc.) negatived.) smaller than the standard deviationAnswer:&nbs...
The sample variance
The sample variancea.) is always smaller than the true value of the population varianceb.) is always larger than the true value of the population variancec.)...
The numerical value of the standard deviation can never be
The numerical value of the standard deviation can never bea.) larger than the varianceb.) zeroc.) negatived.) smaller than the varianceAnswer:&nbs...
The most important statistical descriptive measure of the location of a data set is the
The most important statistical descriptive measure of the location of a data set is thea.) meanb.) medianc.) moded.) varianceAnswer:&nbs...
The measure of location which is the most likely to be influenced by extreme values in the data set is the
The measure of location which is the most likely to be influenced by extreme values in the data set is thea.) rangeb.) medianc.) moded.) meanAnswer:&...
The descriptive measure of dispersion that is based on the concept of a deviation about the mean is
The descriptive measure of dispersion that is based on the concept of a deviation about the mean isa.) the rangeb.) the interquartile rangec.) the absolute...
When should measures of location and dispersion be computed from grouped data rather than from individual data values?
When should measures of location and dispersion be computed from grouped data rather than from individual data values?a.) as much as possible since computations...
The measure of dispersion that is influenced by most extreme values is
The measure of dispersion that is influenced by most extreme values isa.) the varianceb.) the standard deviationc.) the ranged.) the interquartile ra...
In computing descriptive statistics from grouped data (like a frequency histogram),
In computing descriptive statistics from grouped data (like a frequency histogram),a.) data values are treated as if they occur at the midpoint of a classb.)...
If the variance of a data set is correctly computed with the formula using n-1 in the denominator, which of the following is true?
If the variance of a data set is correctly computed with the formula using n-1 in the denominator, which of the following is true?a.) the data set is...
The interquartile range is used as a measure of variability to overcome what difficulty of the range?
The interquartile range is used as a measure of variability to overcome what difficulty of the range?a.) the sum of the range variances is zerob.) the...
Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?
Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?a.) the rangeb.) the 50th percentilec.) the standard deviationd.) the interquartile rangeAnswer...
When data are positively skewed, the mean will usually be
When data are positively skewed, the mean will usually bea.) greater than the medianb.) smaller than the medianc.) equal to the mediand.) positiveAns...
When the data are skewed to the right, the measure of Skewness will be
When the data are skewed to the right, the measure of Skewness will bea.) negativeb.) zeroc.) positived.) oneAnswer:&nbs...
If index i (which is used to determine the location of the pth percentile) is not an integer, its value should be
If index i (which is used to determine the location of the pth percentile) is not an integer, its value should bea.) squaredb.) divided by (n-1)c.) rounded...
The interquartile range is
The interquartile range isa.) the 50th percentileb.) another name for the variancec.) the difference between the largest and smallest valuesd.) the difference...
The most frequently occurring value of a data set is called the
The most frequently occurring value of a data set is called thea.) rangeb.) modec.) meand.) medianAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following is a measure of dispersion?
Which of the following is a measure of dispersion?a.) percentilesb.) quartilesc.) interquartile ranged.) all of the above are measures of dispersionA...
If a data set has an even number of observations, the median
If a data set has an even number of observations, the median a.) cannot be determinedb.) is the average value of the two middle itemsc.) must be...
Which of the following is not a measure of central location?
Which of the following is not a measure of central location?a.) meanb.) medianc.) varianced.) modeAnswer:&nbs...
The first quartile
The first quartilea.) contains at least one third of the data elementsb.) is the same as the 25th percentilec.) is the same as the 50th percentiled.)...
The difference between the largest and the smallest data values is the
The difference between the largest and the smallest data values is thea.) varianceb.) interquartile rangec.) ranged.) coefficient of variationAnswer:...
The pth percentile is a value such that at least p percent of the observations are
The pth percentile is a value such that at least p percent of the observations area.) less than or equal to this valueb.) less than this valuec.) more...
The 75th percentile is referred to as the
The 75th percentile is referred to as thea.) first quartileb.) second quartilec.) third quartiled.) fourth quartileAnswer:&nbs...
The median is a measure of
The median is a measure ofa.) relative dispersionb.) absolute dispersionc.) central locationd.) relative locationAnswer:&nbs...
The median of a sample will always equal the
The median of a sample will always equal thea.) modeb.) meanc.) 50th percentiled.) all of the above answers are correctAnswer:&nbs...
The variance of a sample of 169 observations equals 576. The standard deviation of the sample equals
The variance of a sample of 169 observations equals 576. The standard deviation of the sample equalsa.) 13b.) 24c.) 576d.) 28,461Answer:&nbs...
The hourly wages of a sample of 130 system analysts are given below.
The hourly wages of a sample of 130 system analysts are given below. mean = 60mode = 73median = 74range = 20variance = 324The coefficient of variation...
µ is an example of a
µ is an example of aa.) population parameterb.) sample statisticc.) population varianced.) modeAnswer:&nbs...
Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic
Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic a.) can never be larger than the population parameterb.)...
A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as a sample mean, is known as a
A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as a sample mean, is known as aa.) sample slapstickb.) sample sadisticc.) sample statisticd.)...
Which of the following provides a measure of central location for the data?
Which of the following provides a measure of central location for the data?a.) standard deviationb.) meanc.) varianced.) rangeAnswer:&nbs...
"Samples produce _____, populations produce______."
"Samples produce _____, populations produce______."a.) statistics, parametersb.) parameters, statisticsc.) statistics, statisticsd.) Parameters, para...
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